Models and Theories Integrated In The UTAUT.
Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA)
Attitude towards behavior
Subjective norm
An individual’s positive or negative feelings (evaluative affect)
about performing the target behavior
The person’s perception that most people who are important to
him think he should or should not perform the behavior in question
Technology Acceptance Model (TAM)
Perceived usefulness
Perceived ease of use
The degree to which a person believes that using a particular system would enhance his or her job performance
The degree to which a person believes that using a particular system would be free of effort
Extrinsic motivation
Motivational Model (MM)
Intrinsic motivation
The perception that users will want to perform an activity “because it is perceived to be instrumental in achieving valued outcomes that are distinct from the activity itself, such as improved job performance, pay, or promotions”
The perception that users will want to perform an activity “for no apparent reinforcement other than the process of performing the activity per se.
Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB)
Perceived behavioral control
The perceived ease or difficulty of performing the behavior”
In the context of information systems research, “perceptions of internal and external constraints on behaviour
Job-fit
Complexity
Long-term consequences
Affect towards use
Model of PC Utilization (MPCU)
Social factors
Facilitating conditions
The extent to which an individual believes that using [a
technology] can enhance the performance of his or her job”
The degree to which an innovation is perceived as relatively
difficult to understand and use
Outcomes that have a pay-off in the future
Feelings of joy, elation, or pleasure, or depression, disgust, displeasure or hate associated by an individual with a particular act
The individual’s internalization of the reference group’s subjective culture, and specific interpersonal agreements that the individual has made with others, in specific social situations
Objective factors in the environment that observers agree make an act easy to accomplish
Relative advantage
Ease of use
Image
Innovation Diffusion Theory (IDT)
Visibility
Compatibility
Results demonstrability
Voluntariness of use
The degree to which an innovation is perceived as being better than its precursor
The degree to which an innovation is perceived as difficult to use
The degree to which use of an innovation is perceived to enhance one’simage or status in one’s social system
The degree to which one can see others using the system in the organization
The degree to which an innovation is perceived as being consistent with the existing values, needs, and past experiences of potential adopters
The tangibility of the results of using the innovation, including their observability and communicability
The degree to which the use or the innovation is perceived as being voluntary, or of free will
Outcome expectations - performance
Outcome expectations - personal
Innovation Diffusion Theory (IDT)
Self-efficacy
Affect
Anxiety
The performance related consequences of the behavior. Specifically, performance expectations deal with job-related outcomes
The personal consequences of the behavior. Specifically, personal expectations deal with the individual esteem and sense of accomplishment
Judgement of one’s ability to use a technology (e.g. computer) to accomplish a particular job or task
An individual’s liking for a particular behavior (e.g. computer use)
Evoking anxious or emotional reactions when it comes to performing a behavior(e.g. using a computer)