
Journal Overview
"Sustainable improvement of competitiveness in rural tourism destinations: The quest for tourist loyalty in Spain"
Rural tourism has become common in Spain but still it faces some challenges which can be addresses by various casual marketing strategies. Rural tourism is now operating in a very competitive market and rural tourism managers should come up with an effective differentiation strategies to cultivate loyalty among the tourists. The journal includes the measures that can be taken to increase loyalty. IT first analyzes the previous theoretical models pertaining to loyalty and its role in providing a competitive advantage. It then presents a framework and the factors which increase loyalty by conducting a survey from 464 rural tourists and analyzing the results by SPLs techniques. The results shows that image, quality and destination attribute satisfaction are the direct antecedents of rural tourism destination loyalty.The findings also show that these are indirect precursors of loyalty through overall satisfaction.
Framework
Image
Quality
Overall satisfaction
Loyalty
Value
Attribute Satisfaction
Causal Effect Relationship
-
H1. Destination image has a positive effect on overall satisfaction
-
H2. Destination image has a positive effect on loyalty
-
H3. A destination's perceived quality has a positive effect on overall satisfaction.
-
H4. A destination’s perceived quality has a positive effect on loyalty.
-
H5. Destinations’ perceived value has a positive effect on overall satisfaction.
-
H6. Destinations’ perceived value has a positive effect on loyalty.
-
H7. Attribute satisfaction has a positive effect on overall satisfaction.
-
H8. Attribute satisfaction has a positive effect on loyalty
-
H9. Overall satisfaction has a positive effect on loyalty
Items / Measurement
THEORY REVIEW
Oliver 1977 & 1980
Expectation Disconfirmation theory

MORE
individuals foresee there will be a certain level of service when they involve in a purchase transaction
When customer get into the actual service, they will have a convincing perception with regards to the service performance they are involving.
There will be some degree of positive and negative disconfirmation to develop when pre and post purchase anticipations are evaluated which in turn will influence the overall satisfaction.
Oliver and Swan, 1989; Oliver, 1993
MORE INFO :
Oliver and Swan, 1989; Oliver, 1993
improve the original of expectancy disconfirmation by including performance, affect and equity as the factors determine customer satisfaction and repurchase intention
This theory has become well known in
.png)